Parallel structure, also known as parallelism, is a grammatical and rhetorical device in which the components of a sentence (such as words, phrases, clauses, or lists) have a similar grammatical structure, form, or pattern. Parallel structure enhances clarity, readability, and balance in writing, making it easier for readers to understand the relationships between different elements in a sentence.
Key features of parallel structure:
- Similar Form: Parallel structure involves maintaining consistency in the grammatical form of elements within a sentence.
Example: Not parallel: She likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bike. Parallel: She likes hiking, swimming, and biking.
- Parallelism in Lists: When presenting a list of items, each item in the list should be phrased in a parallel manner.
Example: Not parallel: The team needs a coach who is experienced, knowledgeable, and has leadership skills. Parallel: The team needs a coach who is experienced, knowledgeable, and skilled in leadership.
- Parallelism in Comparisons: When making comparisons, ensure that the elements being compared follow a parallel structure.
Example: Not parallel: She is more intelligent than kind. Parallel: She is more intelligent than she is kind.
- Parallelism in Pairs: When pairing elements, maintain parallel structure for clarity.
Example: Not parallel: He enjoys both playing tennis and likes fishing. Parallel: He enjoys both playing tennis and fishing.
- Parallelism in Correlative Conjunctions: When using correlative conjunctions (e.g., both…and, either…or, neither…nor), the elements they connect should be parallel.
Example: Not parallel: The project requires both dedication and that you meet deadlines. Parallel: The project requires both dedication and meeting deadlines.
Conclusion
Achieving parallel structure helps create a smoother flow in writing, making it more aesthetically pleasing and facilitating better comprehension for readers. Writers should pay attention to the grammatical form of elements within sentences to ensure effective parallelism.
