A “subordinate clause,” also known as a dependent clause, is a group of words with both a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. Instead, it depends on an independent clause (main clause) to form a complete thought.
Key Points about Subordinate Clauses:
- Structure: A subordinate clause consists of a subject and a verb but does not express a complete idea.”
Example: Although she was tired (subordinate clause), she continued working.
- Dependence on Independent Clause: A subordinate clause relies on an independent clause to form a complete sentence. It functions as part of a larger sentence, adding information or modifying the main idea.
Example: Although she was tired (subordinate clause), she continued working. (Independent clause)
Types of Subordinate Clauses:
- Adverbial Clauses: Modify the main clause by providing information about time, place, manner, condition, purpose, or reason.
Example: After the storm (subordinate clause), we went outside. (Adverbial clause indicating time)
- Adjectival Clauses: Modify nouns in the main clause, providing additional information about those nouns.
Example: The book that she recommended (subordinate clause) is excellent. (Adjectival clause modifying “book”)
- Noun Clauses: Function as the subject or object of the main clause.
Example: What she said (subordinate clause) surprised everyone. (Noun clause functioning as the subject)
- Connector Words: Subordinate clauses are often introduced by subordinating conjunctions or relative pronouns, such as although, because, if, when, that, which, who, etc.
Example: Since it was raining (subordinate clause), we decided to stay indoors. (Subordinating conjunction “since”)
- Position in a Sentence: A subordinate clause can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence.
Example: Before we leave (subordinate clause), let’s make sure everything is packed. (At the beginning)
Example: Let’s make sure everything is packed before we leave (subordinate clause). (In the middle)
Example: Let’s make sure everything is packed. Before we leave (subordinate clause). (At the end)
Conclusion
Understanding subordinate clauses is crucial for constructing complex sentences and conveying various information within a single sentence structure. They add depth and complexity to writing by providing additional details, explanations, or conditions.
