The Grammar Vault / Reference

Misplaced Modifiers

A lime tag hangs from the short peach vase beside a tall lavender vase.

A misplaced modifier is a word, phrase, or clause whose position makes it seem to describe the wrong part of a sentence. In Nora handed snacks to the hikers in paper bags, the final phrase can sound as though it describes the hikers.

Move the modifier closer

If the snacks were in the bags, write Nora handed the hikers snacks in paper bags. Placing the prepositional phrase beside snacks makes the connection clearer. You can also rephrase the detail as bagged snacks.

Watch small words such as only

Only Mara packed the lantern means no one else packed it. Mara packed only the lantern means she packed nothing else. Put only near the part you want it to limit. When the word a modifier needs is missing or the sentence gives it no suitable grammatical connection, see dangling modifiers.

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